Green Mangrove Microparticle Enrichment Enhances Early Zoeal Phototaxis and Accelerates Megalopa Settlement in Mud Crab (Scylla serrata)

Authors

  • Hadiana Hadiana PSDKU Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, Jl. Pringgodani, Kediri City 64111, East Java, Indonesia
  • Widyanti Octoriani Aquaculture Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Tidar, Sidotopo Campus, Jl. Barito 1 No. 2, Kedungsari, North Magelang, Central Java 59155, Indonesia
  • Vina Nur Nadiro PSDKU Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, Jl. Pringgodani, Kediri City 64111, East Java, Indonesia
  • Muhamad Fajar Aulia PSDKU Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, Jl. Pringgodani, Kediri City 64111, East Java, Indonesia
  • David Setiawan PSDKU Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, Jl. Pringgodani, Kediri City 64111, East Java, Indonesia
  • Muhamad Ar Rasyid PSDKU Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, Jl. Pringgodani, Kediri City 64111, East Java, Indonesia
  • Restiono Abdul Hanif PSDKU Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, Jl. Pringgodani, Kediri City 64111, East Java, Indonesia
  • Jouzuda Riziq Attamimim PSDKU Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, Jl. Pringgodani, Kediri City 64111, East Java, Indonesia
  • Afriliandini Bunga Delova PSDKU Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, Jl. Pringgodani, Kediri City 64111, East Java, Indonesia
  • R. Adharyan Islamy PSDKU Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, Jl. Pringgodani, Kediri City 64111, East Java, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30736/grouper.v17i2.510

Keywords:

Mangrove microparticles, Metamorphosis, Mud crab larvae, Ontogeny

Abstract

Optimization of hatchery rearing protocols for the mud crab (Scylla serrata) requires an understanding of larval behavioral transitions and their underlying nutritional drivers. Phototaxis is a key behavioral indicator of larval vigor, swimming capacity, and settlement readiness across ontogeny. This study evaluated the ontogenetic trajectory of positive phototaxis in S. serrata larvae across six developmental stages (Zoea 1 to Megalopa) under dietary enrichment with green mangrove microparticles at four dosages: P0 (Control – 0 mg), P1 (5 mg), P2 (10 mg), and P3 (15 mg). The result revealed that One-way ANOVA demonstrated stage-specific sensitivity to mangrove microparticle dosage, with significant treatment effects observed at Zoea 1 () and Megalopa (). In Zoea 1, enrichment with 10 mg (P2: ) and 15 mg (P3: ) significantly increased positive phototaxis compared to the control (P0: ). Positive phototaxis peaked across all treatments during Zoea 3 (). Upon metamorphosis to the Megalopa stage, a distinct behavioral inversion occurred: larvae enriched with 10 mg (P2: ) and 15 mg (P3: ) exhibited a marked decline in positive phototaxis compared to the control (). In conclusion, green mangrove microparticle enrichment enhances early zoeal visual orientation through essential phytonutrient delivery and accelerates the behavioral transition from pelagic surface attraction to benthic habitat settlement at the Megalopa stage. A dosage of 10 to 15 mg is recommended in hatchery operations to improve larval quality and synchronize benthic settlement.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Cannicci, S., Burrows, D., Fratini, S., Smith, T. J., Offenberg, J., & Dahdouh-Guebas, F. (2008). Faunal impact on mangrove ecosystem function and services. Acta Oecologica, 33(2), 186–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2007.08.003

Cronin, T. W., & Forward, R. B., Jr. (1988). Visual pigments and optical adaptations in larval decapod crustaceans. Journal of Comparative Physiology A, 164(1), 47–55. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00612716

Epifanio, C. E. (1988). Dispersal strategies of two species of swimming crabs (Callinectes sapidus and Uca minax) in an estuary. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 49, 209–215. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps049209

Forward, R. B., Jr. (1987). Larval release rhythms of decapod crustaceans: An overview. Bulletin of Marine Science, 41(2), 165–174.

Forward, R. B., Jr. (1988). Behavioral responses of decapod larvae to light and pressure. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review, 26, 369–472.

Forward, R. B., Jr., & Rittschof, D. (1994). Photoresponses of crab megalopae in a thermal gradient. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 183(1), 123–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(94)90159-A

Genodepa, J., Zeng, C., & Southgate, P. C. (2004). Preliminary assessment of microbound diets for mud crab, Scylla serrata, megalopa. Aquaculture Research, 35(12), 1176–1179. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2004.01124.x

Hamasaki, K., Suprayudi, M. A., & Takeuchi, T. (2002). Effect of dietary docosahexaenoic acid on survival and development of mud crab Scylla serrata larvae. Suisanzoshoku, 50(3), 329–335.

Holme, M. H., Zeng, C., & Southgate, P. C. (2007). Review of the nutritional requirements of mud crab, Scylla serrata, larvae and juveniles. Aquaculture International, 15(2), 91–108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-006-9068-3

Nghia, T. N., Wille, M., Vandendriessche, S., Sorgeloos, P., & Vincke, P. (2007). Effects of dietary lipid level and essential fatty acid composition on larval survival and metamorphosis of mud crab Scylla paramamosain. Aquaculture, 269(1–4), 509–528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.04.020

Ruscoe, I. M., Williams, G. R., & Shelley, C. C. (2004). Limiting the use of rotifers (Brachionus plicatilis) in the larval rearing of the mud crab, Scylla serrata. Aquaculture, 230(1–4), 205–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00418-2

Suprayudi, M. A., Takeuchi, T., & Hamasaki, K. (2004). Essential fatty acids for larval mud crab Scylla serrata. Aquaculture, 231(1–4), 403–416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2003.09.019

Webley, J. A. C., & Connolly, R. M. (2007). Selectivity of mud crab, Scylla serrata, megalopae to settlement habitat cues. Biological Bulletin, 213(2), 130–137. https://doi.org/10.2307/25066627

Zeng, C., & Naylor, E. (1996). Endogenous tidal rhythms of larval emergence and vertical migration in the mud crab Scylla serrata. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 132, 71–82. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps132071

Downloads

Published

29-09-2026

How to Cite

Hadiana, H., Widyanti Octoriani, Vina Nur Nadiro, Muhamad Fajar Aulia, David Setiawan, Muhamad Ar Rasyid, … R. Adharyan Islamy. (2026). Green Mangrove Microparticle Enrichment Enhances Early Zoeal Phototaxis and Accelerates Megalopa Settlement in Mud Crab (Scylla serrata). Grouper, 17(2), 531–539. https://doi.org/10.30736/grouper.v17i2.510

Issue

Vol. 17 No. 2 (2026): Grouper: Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan

Section

Artikel

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Hadiana Hadiana, Widya Octoriani, Vina Nur Nadiro, Muhamad Fajar Aulia, David Setiawan, Muhamad Ar Rasyid, Restiono Abdul Hanif, Jouzuda Riziq Attamimim, Afriliandini Bunga Delova, R. Adharyan Islamy

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Similar Articles

<< < 1 2 3 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.