Vannamei-Shield: Functional Feed Application for Wssv Prevention in Vannamei Shrimp (Litopenaeus Vannamei) Through Β-Glucan Feed and Bacillus Subtilis Probiotic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30736/grouper.v17i2.453Keywords:
b glucan, Bacillus subtilis, functional feed, Vannamei shrimp, WSSVAbstract
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) remains a major constraint in Litopenaeus vannamei culture because it can cause rapid mass mortality and substantial production losses. This study evaluated the effects of a functional diet containing β-glucan and the probiotic Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, survival, and non-specific immune responses of vannamei shrimp under natural disease-pressure conditions. A completely randomized design was applied with four dietary treatments and three replicates: control diet without additives (P0), diet supplemented with 0.1% β-glucan (P1), diet supplemented with B. subtilis at 10⁸ CFU/g feed (P2), and a combination of 0.1% β-glucan and B. subtilis at 10⁸ CFU/g feed (P3). After 28 days of culture, P3 produced the highest absolute weight gain (4.24 ± 0.18 g/shrimp), specific growth rate (5.86 ± 0.12%/day), and survival rate (89.67 ± 2.52%). The combined treatment also resulted in the highest total hemocyte count (8.92 ± 0.43 × 10⁶ cells/mL) and phagocytic activity (59.33 ± 2.52%). One-way ANOVA showed that dietary treatments significantly affected all measured biological and immune parameters (p<0.05). Water quality remained within acceptable ranges, while the proximate composition of the diets was relatively similar among treatments. These findings indicate that the combination of β-glucan and Bacilus. subtilis can improve growth, survival, and non-specific immunity of vannamei shrimp. Further validation using WSSV detection by PCR or controlled challenge tests is required to confirm its specific protective effect against WSSV.
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